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凤凰彩票2023-01-31 16:05

中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

  中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。

  2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

  日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

  日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

  事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。

  因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。

  日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

  《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

  德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

  日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

  国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。

  太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。

  Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

  By John Lee

  (ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

  Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

  The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

  On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

  The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

  In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

  Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

  The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

  The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

  The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

  According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

  As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

  However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

  Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

  The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

  If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.

 

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“阳康”中如何运动?专家提醒:把握节奏与强度,循序渐进恢复锻炼******

  “阳康”中如何运动?专家提醒——

  把握节奏与强度,循序渐进恢复锻炼

  华声在线全媒体记者 周倜

  眼下,不少新冠感染者陆续处于“阳康”的恢复阶段,何时可以恢复体育锻炼、选择哪种运动方式等话题,受到大家关注。1月9日,湖南省国民体质监测中心主任王奎针对以上热点予以解答。

  循序渐进,分阶段恢复运动

  “‘转阴’之后,应注意至少7至10天避免任何运动,保持静养休息。在身体逐渐恢复活力之后,可分5个阶段逐渐恢复运动锻炼频次。”王奎表示,“阳康”过后,运动锻炼需慢慢来,注意把握节奏,切勿盲目“上强度”。

  王奎介绍,“五阶段恢复法”是不错的方式,该方法采取进阶式,每次进阶时间不得低于7天。人们可参考下列方法:

  第一阶段为“阳康”后的第二周。此时可开始呼吸训练、拉伸、平衡练习等。以上运动基本不会耗费体力,可参照执行。

  第二阶段为“阳康”后的第三周。瑜伽、相对较快的步行等低强度的运动是适合选项,也可居家进行简单且强度较低的家务劳动,每天开展10—15分钟,逐渐恢复体能。

  第三阶段为“阳康”后的第四周。此阶段可逐渐开始进行低强度有氧练习和力量练习,如健步走、上下楼梯、慢骑自行车等,每次5分钟,每天开展2次。如果身体可以承受,可在次日运动时适度增加运动频次与强度,每周开展3—5天,每天总运动时间10—30分钟。

  第四阶段为“阳康”后的第五周。可开展中等强度的有氧和力量练习,运动量可以恢复至平时状态的80%左右,可进行跑步、长距离骑行、舞蹈课、各种负重力量练习、功能性训练等,每周开展3—5天,每天总运动时间30—60分钟。

  第五阶段为“阳康”后的第六周。此时可恢复至正常状态,按平日运动计划和习惯进行运动即可。

  值得注意的是,运动过程中须及时监测心率变化及主观感觉,一旦有异常,如呼吸困难、胸闷、心悸、发热等症状,须立即停止恢复运动的进程,必要时寻求医疗帮助。

  鼓励老年群体以居家锻炼为主

  “阳康”阶段的老年群体健康问题,不容忽视。

  王奎表示,冬季气温低,加之新冠病毒仍在,此时老年朋友不适合进行户外锻炼。无论是否已经感染新冠病毒,还是正处于感染后的恢复期,老年朋友都应以居家模式为主。

  针对老年人居家,如何引导其确保自身基本的肌肉力量,预防骨质疏松等问题,王奎建议,可充分利用家中的沙发、桌椅等物件进行简单锻炼。比如,简单的起坐练习是不错选项,通过交替站起和坐下的动作,不仅能保证老年人的心肺耐力得到锻炼,也足以改善老年人肌肉流失等情况。

  此外,家中的桶装水和油壶都可以作为老年人做力量练习的道具。可在老年人承受能力范围内,为其配备相应的液体容量在桶内,便于锻炼,确保安全。

  可根据方法进行呼吸训练

  呼吸训练法是王奎推荐的有效锻炼方式。它不仅是新冠病毒感染者在恢复阶段时能最快采用的运动方法,也有助于尽快恢复机体功能。

  王奎介绍,常见的呼吸方式包括胸式呼吸和腹式呼吸。胸式呼吸指在呼吸时胸腔扩充为主;腹式呼吸指在呼吸时腹部扩充为主,胸腔移动较少,又称膈式呼吸,是更为高效的呼吸方式。

  训练时,可把双手分别放置胸腔、腹部,感受胸腔、腹腔是否全面“外扩”。此外,保持吸气3秒、呼气7秒的节奏,多次训练。也可尝试鼻腔吸气、用嘴呼气的方法,该方法若不能熟练掌握,可利用“吹气球”的方式进行辅助。

  “呼吸训练法,老少咸宜,不费体力,正处于恢复阶段的群众可自行训练,逐渐掌握,帮助自身尽快康复肺功能。”王奎说。

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